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- Theophrastus - Theophrastus (Greek: ; 370 — about 285 BC), a native of Eressos in Lesbos, was the successor of Aristotle in the Peripatetic school. All the biographical information we have of him was provided by Diogenes Laertius' Lives of the Philosophers, written four hundred years after Theophrastus' time, though "there is no intrinsic improbability in most of what Diogenes records".
- Crates of Tralles - Crates of Tralles (Greek: Κράτης), an orator or rhetorician in the school of Isocrates.Diogenes Laertius 4.
- Crates of Athens - ... ράτης; died 268-265 BC) was the son of Antigenes of the Thriasian deme, the pupil and friend of Polemo, and his successor as scholarch of the Academy, perhaps about 270 BC. The intimate friendship of Crates and Polemo was celebrated in antiquity, and Diogenes Laertius has preserved an epigram of the poet Antagoras, according to which the two friends were united after death in one tomb.
- Theory of forms - Plato's Theory of FormsThe name of this syndrome of Plato's thought is not modern and has not been extracted from certain dialogues by modern scholars. The term was used at least as early as Diogenes Laertius, who called it (Plato's) "Theory of Forms:" ....
- Simon the Shoemaker - Simon the Shoemaker was an associate of the Athenian philosopher Socrates. According to Diogenes Laertius, Simon was the first person to write Socratic dialogues.