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- Gottlob Frege - Friedrich Ludwig Gottlob Frege (8 November 1848, Wismar, Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin – 26 July 1925, Bad Kleinen, Germany) () was a German mathematician who became a logician and philosopher. He helped found both modern mathematical logic and analytic philosophy.
- Frege's propositional calculus - In mathematical logic Frege's propositional calculus was the first axiomatization of propositional calculus. It was invented by Gottlob Frege, who also invented predicate calculus, in 1879 as part of his second-order predicate calculus (although Charles Peirce was the first to use the term "second-order" and developed his own version of the predicate calculus independently of Frege).
- Frege's theorem - Frege's theorem states that the (Peano) axioms of arithmetic can be derived in second-order logic from Hume's principle. It was first proven, informally, by Gottlob Frege in his Die Grundlagen der Arithmetik (Foundations of Arithmetic), published in 1884, and proven more formally in his Grundgesetze der Arithmetik (Basic Laws of Arithmetic), published in two volumes, in 1893 and 1903.
- Sense and reference - The distinction between Sinn and Bedeutung (usually but not always translated sense and reference, respectively) was an innovation of the German philosopher and mathematician Gottlob Frege in his 1892 paper Über Sinn und Bedeutung (On Sense and Reference), which is still widely read today. According to Frege, sense and reference are two different aspects of the meaning of at least some kinds of terms (Frege applied "Bedeutung" mainly to proper names and, ...
- Descriptivist theory of names - Descriptivist theory of names is a view of the nature of the meaning and reference of proper names generally attributed to Gottlob Frege and Bertrand Russell. The theory consists essentially in the idea that the meanings (semantic contents) of names are identical to the descriptions associated with them by speakers, while their referents are determined to be the objects that satisfy these descriptions.