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- Mediation (statistics) - In quantitative psychology, a mediation model is one that seeks to identify and explicate the mechanism that underlies an observed relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable via the inclusion of a third explanatory variable, known as a mediator variable. Rather than hypothesizing a direct causal relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable, a mediational model hypothesizes that the independent variable causes the mediator variable, which in turn causes the dependent variable.
- Instability strip - Instability strip is a nearly vertical region in HR diagram which is occupied by pulsating variable stars (including RR Lyrae variable, Cepheid variable, W Virginis variable, ZZ Ceti variable, RV Tauri variable, Delta Scuti variable, SX Phoenix variable and rapidly oscillating Ap stars).
- Confounding variable - A confounding variable (also confounding factor, lurking variable, a confound, or confounder) is an extraneous variable in a statistical or research model that should have been experimentally controlled, but was not. Failing to take a confounding variable into account can lead to a false conclusion that the dependent variables are in a causal relationship with ...
- Mediator variable - A mediator variable (or mediating variable) in statistics is a variable that describes how rather than when effects will occur by accounting for the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. A mediating relationship is one in which the path relating A to C is mediated by a third variable (B).
- W Virginis variable - A W Virginis variable is a variable star similar to a Cepheid variable. However, using the formula for W Virginis variables to calculate distance of a Cepheid variable will yield a value that is too small, a mistake that Edwin Hubble made while observing M31.